Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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What did Griffith observe when he injected a mixture of heat-killed,
disease-causing bacteria and live harmless bacteria into mice?
a. | The disease-causing bacteria changed into harmless bacteria. | b. | The mice
died. | c. | The harmless bacteria died. | d. | The mice were
unaffected. |
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2.
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Avery’s experiments showed that bacteria are transformed by
a. | RNA. | b. | DNA. | c. | proteins. | d. | carbohydrates. |
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3.
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Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA?
a. | ribose + phosphate group + thymine | b. | ribose + phosphate group +
uracil | c. | deoxyribose + phosphate group + uracil | d. | deoxyribose + phosphate group +
cytosine |
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4.
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DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,
a. | each with two new strands. | b. | one with two new strands and the other with two
original strands. | c. | each with one new strand and one original
strand. | d. | each with two original strands. |
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5.
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During DNA replication, a DNA strand that has the bases CTAGGT produces a strand
with the bases
a. | TCGAAC. | b. | GATCCA. | c. | AGCTTG. | d. | GAUCCA. |
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6.
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What happens during the process of translation?
a. | Messenger RNA is made from DNA. | b. | The cell uses information from messenger RNA to
produce proteins. | c. | Transfer RNA is made from messenger
RNA. | d. | Copies of DNA molecules are made. |
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7.
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How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids?
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8.
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What is produced during transcription?
a. | RNA molecules | b. | DNA molecules | c. | RNA
polymerase | d. | proteins |
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9.
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During translation, the type of amino acid that is added to the growing
polypeptide depends on the
a. | codon on the tRNA only. | b. | anticodon on the mRNA only. | c. | anticodon on the
tRNA to which the amino acid is attached only. | d. | codon on the mRNA and the anticodon on the tRNA
to which the amino acid is attached. |
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10.
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Genes contain instructions for assembling
a. | purines. | b. | nucleosomes. | c. | proteins. | d. | pyrimidines. |
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11.
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What would Hershey and Chase have concluded if both radioactive phosphorus and
radioactive sulfur were found in the bacteria in their experiment?
a. | The virus’s protein coat was not injected into the
bacteria. | b. | The virus’s DNA was not injected into the bacteria. | c. | Genes are made of
protein. | d. | Both the virus’s protein coat and its DNA were injected into the
bacteria. |
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12.
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Which of the following are found in both DNA and RNA?
a. | ribose, phosphate groups, and adenine | b. | deoxyribose, phosphate groups, and
guanine | c. | phosphate groups, guanine, and cytosine | d. | phosphate groups,
guanine, and thymine |
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13.
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DNA is copied during a process called
a. | replication. | b. | translation. | c. | transcription. | d. | transformation. |
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14.
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Because of base pairing in DNA, the percentage of
a. | adenine molecules in DNA is about equal to the percentage of guanine
molecules. | b. | pyrimidines in DNA is about equal to the percentage of purines. | c. | purines in DNA is
much greater than the percentage of pyrimidines. | d. | cytosine molecules in DNA is much greater than
the percentage of guanine molecules. |
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15.
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Which of the following statements is false?
a. | Some genes code for enzymes. | b. | The instructions for making some proteins are
not specified by genes. | c. | An organism’s proteins determine its
genes. | d. | An organism’s genes determine its inherited
traits. |
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16.
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Why is it possible for an amino acid to be specified by more than one kind of
codon?
a. | Some codons have the same sequence of nucleotides. | b. | There are 64
different kinds of codons but only 20 amino acids. | c. | Some codons do not specify an amino
acid. | d. | The codon AUG codes for the amino acid methionine and serves as the
“start” codon for protein synthesis. |
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17.
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RNA contains the sugar
a. | ribose. | b. | deoxyribose. | c. | glucose. | d. | lactose. |
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18.
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Unlike DNA, RNA contains
a. | adenine. | b. | uracil. | c. | phosphate
groups. | d. | thymine. |
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19.
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Which of the following statements is true?
a. | A exon is part of an intron. | b. | An initial RNA transcript is longer than the
gene from which the molecule was transcribed. | c. | Introns have complementary sequences in
DNA. | d. | During RNA splicing, the exons are removed. |
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20.
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Which of the following terms is LEAST closely related to the others?
a. | intron | b. | tRNA | c. | amino
acid | d. | anticodon |
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21.
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Which type(s) of RNA is(are) involved in protein synthesis?
a. | transfer RNA only | b. | messenger RNA only | c. | ribosomal RNA and
transfer RNA only | d. | messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and transfer
RNA |
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22.
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Which type of RNA functions as a “blueprint” for protein
synthesis?
a. | rRNA | b. | tRNA | c. | mRNA | d. | RNA polymerase |
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